查拉图斯特拉如是说 英文版 Thus Spake Zarathustra
尼采 Friedrich Nietzsche
LXXIII. The Higher Man.
1.
When I came unto men for the first time, then did I commit the anchoritefolly, the great folly: I appeared on the market-place.
And when I spake unto all, I spake unto none. In the evening, however,rope-dancers were my companions, and corpses; and I myself almost a corpse.
With the new morning, however, there came unto me a new truth: then did Ilearn to say: "Of what account to me are market-place and populace andpopulace-noise and long populace-ears!"
Ye higher men, learn THIS from me: On the market-place no one believeth inhigher men. But if ye will speak there, very well! The populace, however,blinketh: "We are all equal."
"Ye higher men,"--so blinketh the populace--"there are no higher men, weare all equal; man is man, before God--we are all equal!"
Before God!--Now, however, this God hath died. Before the populace,however, we will not be equal. Ye higher men, away from the market-place!
2.
Before God!--Now however this God hath died! Ye higher men, this God wasyour greatest danger.
Only since he lay in the grave have ye again arisen. Now only cometh thegreat noontide, now only doth the higher man become--master!
Have ye understood this word, O my brethren? Ye are frightened: do yourhearts turn giddy? Doth the abyss here yawn for you? Doth the hell-houndhere yelp at you?
Well! Take heart! ye higher men! Now only travaileth the mountain of thehuman future. God hath died: now do WE desire--the Superman to live.
3.
The most careful ask to-day: "How is man to be maintained?" Zarathustrahowever asketh, as the first and only one: "How is man to be SURPASSED?"
The Superman, I have at heart; THAT is the first and only thing to me--andNOT man: not the neighbour, not the poorest, not the sorriest, not thebest.--
parade virtues and!
O my brethren, what I can love in man is that he is an over-going and adown-going. And also in you there is much that maketh me love and hope.
In that ye have despised, ye higher men, that maketh me hope. For thegreat despisers are the great reverers.
In that ye have despaired, there is much to honour. For ye have notlearned to submit yourselves, ye have not learned petty policy.
For to-day have the petty people become master: they all preach submissionand humility and policy and diligence and consideration and the long etcetera of petty virtues.
Whatever is of the effeminate type, whatever originateth from the serviletype, and especially the populace-mishmash:--THAT wisheth now to be masterof all human destiny--O disgust! Disgust! Disgust!
THAT asketh and asketh and never tireth: "How is man to maintain himselfbest, longest, most pleasantly?" Thereby--are they the masters of to-day.
These masters of to-day--surpass them, O my brethren--these petty people:THEY are the Superman's greatest danger!
Surpass, ye higher men, the petty virtues, the petty policy, the sand-grainconsiderateness, the ant-hill trumpery, the pitiable comfortableness, the"happiness of the greatest number"--!
And rather despair than submit yourselves. And verily, I love you, becauseye know not to-day how to live, ye higher men! For thus do YE live--best!
4.
Have ye courage, O my brethren? Are ye stout-hearted? NOT the couragebefore witnesses, but anchorite and eagle courage, which not even a God anylonger beholdeth?
Cold souls, mules, the blind and the drunken, I do not call stout-hearted.He hath heart who knoweth fear, but VANQUISHETH it; who seeth the abyss,but with PRIDE.
He who seeth the abyss, but with eagle's eyes,--he who with eagle's talonsGRASPETH the abyss: he hath courage.--
5.
"Man is evil"--so said to me for consolation, all the wisest ones. Ah, ifonly it be still true to-day! For the evil is man's best force.
"Man must become better and eviler"--so do _I_ teach. The evilest isnecessary for the Superman's best.
It may have been well for the preacher of the petty people to suffer and beburdened by men's sin. I, however, rejoice in great sin as my greatCONSOLATION.--
Such things, however, are not said for long ears. Every word, also, is notsuited for every mouth. These are fine far-away things: at them sheep'sclaws shall not grasp!
6.
Ye higher men, think ye that I am here to put right what ye have put wrong?
Or that I wished henceforth to make snugger couches for you sufferers? Orshow you restless, miswandering, misclimbing ones, new and easierfootpaths?
Nay! Nay! Three times Nay! Always more, always better ones of your typeshall succumb,--for ye shall always have it worse and harder. Thus only--
--Thus only groweth man aloft to the height where the lightning strikethand shattereth him: high enough for the lightning!
Towards the few, the long, the remote go forth my soul and my seeking: ofwhat account to me are your many little, short miseries!
Ye do not yet suffer enough for me! For ye suffer from yourselves, ye havenot yet suffered FROM MAN. Ye would lie if ye spake otherwise! None ofyou suffereth from what _I_ have suffered.--
7.
It is not enough for me that the lightning no longer doeth harm. I do notwish to conduct it away: it shall learn--to work for ME.--
My wisdom hath accumulated long like a cloud, it becometh stiller anddarker. So doeth all wisdom which shall one day bear LIGHTNINGS.--
Unto these men of to-day will I not be LIGHT, nor be called light. THEM--will I blind: lightning of my wisdom! put out their eyes!
8.
Do not will anything beyond your power: there is a bad falseness in thosewho will beyond their power.
Especially when they will great things! For they awaken distrust in greatthings, these subtle false-coiners and stage-players:--
--Until at last they are false towards themselves, squint-eyed, whitedcankers, glossed over with strong words, parade virtues and brilliant falsedeeds.
Take good care there, ye higher men! For nothing is more precious to me,and rarer, than honesty.
Is this to-day not that of the populace? The populace however knoweth notwhat is great and what is small, what is straight and what is honest: itis innocently crooked, it ever lieth.
9.
Have a good distrust to-day ye, higher men, ye enheartened ones! Ye open-hearted ones! And keep your reasons secret! For this to-day is that ofthe populace.
What the populace once learned to believe without reasons, who could--refute it to them by means of reasons?
And on the market-place one convinceth with gestures. But reasons make thepopulace distrustful.
And when truth hath once triumphed there, then ask yourselves with gooddistrust: "What strong error hath fought for it?"
Be on your guard also against the learned! They hate you, because they areunproductive! They have cold, withered eyes before which every bird isunplumed.
Such persons vaunt about not lying: but inability to lie is still far frombeing love to truth. Be on your guard!
Freedom from fever is still far from being knowledge! Refrigerated spiritsI do not believe in. He who cannot lie, doth not know what truth is.
10.
If ye would go up high, then use your own legs! Do not get yourselvesCARRIED aloft; do not seat yourselves on other people's backs and heads!
Thou hast mounted, however, on horseback? Thou now ridest briskly up tothy goal? Well, my friend! But thy lame foot is also with thee onhorseback!
When thou reachest thy goal, when thou alightest from thy horse: preciselyon thy HEIGHT, thou higher man,--then wilt thou stumble!
11.
Ye creating ones, ye higher men! One is only pregnant with one's ownchild.
Do not let yourselves be imposed upon or put upon! Who then is YOURneighbour? Even if ye act "for your neighbour"--ye still do not create forhim!
Unlearn, I pray you, this "for," ye creating ones: your very virtuewisheth you to have naught to do with "for" and "on account of" and"because." Against these false little words shall ye stop your ears.
"For one's neighbour," is the virtue only of the petty people: there it issaid "like and like," and "hand washeth hand":--they have neither the rightnor the power for YOUR self-seeking!
In your self-seeking, ye creating ones, there is the foresight andforeseeing of the pregnant! What no one's eye hath yet seen, namely, thefruit--this, sheltereth and saveth and nourisheth your entire love.
Where your entire love is, namely, with your child, there is also yourentire virtue! Your work, your will is YOUR "neighbour": let no falsevalues impose upon you!
12.
Ye creating ones, ye higher men! Whoever hath to give birth is sick;whoever hath given birth, however, is unclean.
Ask women: one giveth birth, not because it giveth pleasure. The painmaketh hens and poets cackle.
Ye creating ones, in you there is much uncleanliness. That is because yehave had to be mothers.
A new child: oh, how much new filth hath also come into the world! Goapart! He who hath given birth shall wash his soul!
13.
Be not virtuous beyond your powers! And seek nothing from yourselvesopposed to probability!
Walk in the footsteps in which your fathers' virtue hath already walked!How would ye rise high, if your fathers' will should not rise with you?
He, however, who would be a firstling, let him take care lest he alsobecome a lastling! And where the vices of your fathers are, there shouldye not set up as saints!
He whose fathers were inclined for women, and for strong wine and flesh ofwildboar swine; what would it be if he demanded chastity of himself?
A folly would it be! Much, verily, doth it seem to me for such a one, ifhe should be the husband of one or of two or of three women.
And if he founded monasteries, and inscribed over their portals: "The wayto holiness,"--I should still say: What good is it! it is a new folly!
He hath founded for himself a penance-house and refuge-house: much goodmay it do! But I do not believe in it.
In solitude there groweth what any one bringeth into it--also the brute inone's nature. Thus is solitude inadvisable unto many.
Hath there ever been anything filthier on earth than the saints of thewilderness? AROUND THEM was not only the devil loose--but also the swine.
14.
Shy, ashamed, awkward, like the tiger whose spring hath failed--thus, yehigher men, have I often seen you slink aside. A CAST which ye made hadfailed.
But what doth it matter, ye dice-players! Ye had not learned to play andmock, as one must play and mock! Do we not ever sit at a great table ofmocking and playing?
And if great things have been a failure with you, have ye yourselvestherefore--been a failure? And if ye yourselves have been a failure, hathman therefore--been a failure? If man, however, hath been a failure: wellthen! never mind!
15.
The higher its type, always the seldomer doth a thing succeed. Ye highermen here, have ye not all--been failures?
Be of good cheer; what doth it matter? How much is still possible! Learnto laugh at yourselves, as ye ought to laugh!
What wonder even that ye have failed and only half-succeeded, ye half-shattered ones! Doth not--man's FUTURE strive and struggle in you?
Man's furthest, profoundest, star-highest issues, his prodigious powers--donot all these foam through one another in your vessel?
What wonder that many a vessel shattereth! Learn to laugh at yourselves,as ye ought to laugh! Ye higher men, Oh, how much is still possible!
And verily, how much hath already succeeded! How rich is this earth insmall, good, perfect things, in well-constituted things!
Set around you small, good, perfect things, ye higher men. Their goldenmaturity healeth the heart. The perfect teacheth one to hope.
16.
What hath hitherto been the greatest sin here on earth? Was it not theword of him who said: "Woe unto them that laugh now!"
Did he himself find no cause for laughter on the earth? Then he soughtbadly. A child even findeth cause for it.
He--did not love sufficiently: otherwise would he also have loved us, thelaughing ones! But he hated and hooted us; wailing and teeth-gnashing didhe promise us.
Must one then curse immediately, when one doth not love? That--seemeth tome bad taste. Thus did he, however, this absolute one. He sprang from thepopulace.
And he himself just did not love sufficiently; otherwise would he haveraged less because people did not love him. All great love doth not SEEKlove:--it seeketh more.
Go out of the way of all such absolute ones! They are a poor sickly type,a populace-type: they look at this life with ill-will, they have an evileye for this earth.
Go out of the way of all such absolute ones! They have heavy feet andsultry hearts:--they do not know how to dance. How could the earth belight to such ones!
17.
Tortuously do all good things come nigh to their goal. Like cats theycurve their backs, they purr inwardly with their approaching happiness,--all good things laugh.
His step betrayeth whether a person already walketh on HIS OWN path: justsee me walk! He, however, who cometh nigh to his goal, danceth.
And verily, a statue have I not become, not yet do I stand there stiff,stupid and stony, like a pillar; I love fast racing.
And though there be on earth fens and dense afflictions, he who hath lightfeet runneth even across the mud, and danceth, as upon well-swept ice.
Lift up your hearts, my brethren, high, higher! And do not forget yourlegs! Lift up also your legs, ye good dancers, and betterstill, if ye stand upon your heads!
18.
This crown of the laughter, this rose-garland crown: I myself have put onthis crown, I myself have consecrated my laughter. No one else have Ifound to-day potent enough for this.
Zarathustra the dancer, Zarathustra the light one, who beckoneth with hispinions, one ready for flight, beckoning unto all birds, ready andprepared, a blissfully light-spirited one:--
Zarathustra the soothsayer, Zarathustra the sooth-laugher, no impatientone, no absolute one, one who loveth leaps and side-leaps; I myself haveput on this crown!
19.
Lift up your hearts, my brethren, high, higher! And do not forget yourlegs! Lift up also your legs, ye good dancers, and better still if yestand upon your heads!
There are also heavy animals in a state of happiness, there are club-footedones from the beginning. Curiously do they exert themselves, like anelephant which endeavoureth to stand upon its head.
Better, however, to be foolish with happiness than foolish with misfortune,better to dance awkwardly than walk lamely. So learn, I pray you, mywisdom, ye higher men: even the worst thing hath two good reverse sides,--
--Even the worst thing hath good dancing-legs: so learn, I pray you, yehigher men, to put yourselves on your proper legs!
So unlearn, I pray you, the sorrow-sighing, and all the populace-sadness!Oh, how sad the buffoons of the populace seem to me to-day! This to-day,however, is that of the populace.
20.
Do like unto the wind when it rusheth forth from its mountain-caves: untoits own piping will it dance; the seas tremble and leap under itsfootsteps.
That which giveth wings to asses, that which milketh the lionesses:--praised be that good, unruly spirit, which cometh like a hurricane unto allthe present and unto all the populace,--
--Which is hostile to thistle-heads and puzzle-heads, and to all witheredleaves and weeds:--praised be this wild, good, free spirit of the storm,which danceth upon fens and afflictions, as upon meadows!
Which hateth the consumptive populace-dogs, and all the ill-constituted,sullen brood:--praised be this spirit of all free spirits, the laughingstorm, which bloweth dust into the eyes of all the melanopic andmelancholic!
Ye higher men, the worst thing in you is that ye have none of you learnedto dance as ye ought to dance--to dance beyond yourselves! What doth itmatter that ye have failed!
How many things are still possible! So LEARN to laugh beyond yourselves!Lift up your hearts, ye good dancers, high! higher! And do not forget thegood laughter!
This crown of the laughter, this rose-garland crown: to you my brethren doI cast this crown! Laughing have I consecrated; ye higher men, LEARN, Ipray you--to laugh!